Compare Western Sahara (2002) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)

Compare Western Sahara (2002) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)

	Western Sahara (2002)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)

Administrative divisions	none (under de facto control of Morocco)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads)	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products; fish, squid
Airports	11 (2001)	6 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2002)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Area	total: 266,000 sq km land: 266,000 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	about the size of Colorado	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	NA
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	none	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April
Climate	hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	1,110 km	1,288 km
Constitution	-	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Currency	Moroccan dirham (MAD)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	NA
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	none	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties reject other proposals	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$0 (1997 est.)
Economy - overview	Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. Incomes and standards of living in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	83.7 million kWh (2000)	14.88 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	90 million kWh (2000)	16 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed location 463 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	sparse water and lack of arable land	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster
Environment - international agreements	party to: none of the selected agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Arab, Berber	British
Exchange rates	Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 11.584 (January 2002), 11.303 (2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997)	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	none	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); note - Dr. Tim THOROGOOD will assume the position of Chief Executive in January 2008 cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	$NA	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	phosphates 62%	wool, hides, meat, fish, squid
Exports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	-	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 40%-45% (1996 est.) (1996 est.)	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA% (1996)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	24 30 N, 13 00 W	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	total: 6,200 km paved: 1,350 km unpaved: 4,850 km (1991 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$NA	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2006)
Independence	-	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	phosphate mining, handicrafts	fish and wool processing; tourism
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	3.6% (1998)
International organization participation	none	ICFTU, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	12,000	1,724 (est.) (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	animal husbandry and subsistence farming 50%	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5% (1996)
Land boundaries	total: 2,046 km border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)
Languages	Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic	English
Legal system	-	English common law
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats; 2 members are ex officio and 8 are elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held in November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	NA
Location	Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	Africa	South America
Maritime claims	contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	NA
National holiday	-	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s) adjective: Sahrawian, Sahraouian	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	phosphates, iron ore	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss
Net migration rate	-	NA
Political parties and leaders	-	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	256,177 (July 2002 est.)	3,105 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	NA (2002 est.)	2.44% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun)	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)
Radios	56,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Muslim	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	NA	-
Suffrage	none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: sparse and limited system domestic: NA international: tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	about 2,000 (1999 est.)	2,400 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1999)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	NA	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)
Terrain	mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	NA
Unemployment rate	NA%	full employment; labor shortage (2001)
Waterways	none	-

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